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out, (2) any missing translations, or (3) any corrections this page might need.
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webmaster@dmcclure.org para sugerirme (1) términos relacionados
con la
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| winds (i.e. both woodwinds and brass) | los vientos |
| woodwinds | las maderas |
| flute / piccolo | la flauta / el flautín |
| oboe / english horn (cor anglais) | el oboe / el corno inglés |
| clarinet / bass clarinet | el clarinete / el clarinete bajo |
| (alto, tenor) saxophone | el saxofón (alto, tenor) |
| bassoon / contrabassoon | el fagot / el contrafagot |
| brass | los metales (los bronces in Latin America) |
| horn (French horn) | la trompa (el corno in Latin America) |
| horn (general term for a woodwind or brass instrument) | el instrumento (de viento) |
| trumpet | la trompeta |
| trombone | el trombón |
| baritone (euphonium, tenor tuba) | el bombardino |
| tuba | la tuba |
| string instruments | las cuerdas, la cuerda |
| violin (firsts, seconds) | el violín [pl. los violines] (los primeros, los segundos) |
| viola | la viola |
| cello | el violonchelo |
| double bass | el contrabajo |
| percussion | la percusión |
| snare drum | la caja |
| bass drum | el bombo |
| timpani | los timbales |
| (hard/soft) drumsticks | las baquetas (duras/suaves) |
| cymbals | los platos |
| triangle | el triángulo |
| castanets | las castañuelas |
| (set of) tubular bells | el campanólogo |
| keyboard instruments | los instrumentos de tecla, los teclados |
| piano | el piano |
| organ | el órgano |
| harpsichord | el clavicémbalo (pronounced clavichémbalo) |
| mute | la sordina |
| bow (up, down) | arco (arriba, abajo) |
| drumsticks (harder, softer) | las baquetas (más duras, más suaves) |
| instrument | el instrumento |
| music (the subject) | la música |
| music (the paper) | la música, la partitura |
| orchestral part | la partitura, la partichela |
| conductor's score | la partitura, el score (pronounced escór) |
| piece, work | la obra |
| symphony | la sinfonía |
| concerto | el concierto |
| tempo | el tiempo (which can also mean "movement", "beat", "time" and "weather"!) |
| movement | el movimiento (or el tiempo) |
| beat | la parte or el tiempo (or pulso or golpe) |
| measure, bar | el compás |
| scale | la escala |
| chord | el acorde |
| major / minor | mayor / menor |
| augmented / perfect / diminished | aumentado, -a / justo, -a / disminuido, -a |
| instrumentalist | el/la instrumentista |
| violinist, trumpeter, etc.; timpanist | el/la violinista, trompetista, etc. (generally -ista); but timbalero. NOTE: You can also use the name of the instrument, using the gender of the player and not the instrument. For example, El tuba es de Valencia means "The (male) tubist is from Valencia", while La tuba es de Valencia means either "The (female) tubist is from Valencia" or "The tuba (i.e., the instrument) is from Valencia". |
| orchestra symphony orchestra, symphonic orchestra philharmonic orchestra chamber orchestra |
orquesta orquesta sinfónica orquesta filarmónica orquesta de cámara |
| band | banda (or sometimes orquesta, as in the case of a dance band) |
| ensemble, group brass ensemble, etc. |
conjunto conjunto de metales, etc. |
| duo/duet, trio, quartet, quintet | dúo, trío, cuarteto, quinteto |
| concert soloist | concertista |
| principal player | solista |
| section player | tuttista |
| choir, chorus | el coro |
| singer | el/la cantante |
| soprano | la soprano |
| (contr)alto | la contralto |
| tenor | el tenor |
| baritone [singer] | el barítono |
| bass | el bajo |
| conductor | el director |
| orchestra manager | el regidor |
| musician | el músico |
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| SAMPLE DIRECTIONS: | |
| Letter B, second time (take the second ending). | La letra B, como segunda. |
| At the cut time. | Al compás binario. |
| Five before C. | Cinco antes de la C. (Letters are feminine.) |
| Eight after 21. | Ocho después del veintiuno. (Numbers are masculine.) |
| The fifth bar of M. | El quinto (compás) de la M or Cinco después de la M. |
| The twelfth bar of M. | El (compás) doce de la M or Doce después de la M. Ordinal numbers are used only through "tenth" ("décimo"). |
| There is a cut from F to H. | Hay un corte de F a H. |
| high (register) | alto, -a; agudo, -a |
| high (sharp) | alto, -a |
| low (both low-register and flat) | bajo, -a |
| loud; louder | fuerte; más fuerte |
| soft | suave, piano |
| more | más |
| less | menos |
| concert | el concierto |
| rehearsal | el ensayo |
| intermission, break | el descanso |
| to rehearse | ensayar |
| to practice | estudiar |
| there is, there are | hay |
| only | sólo, solamente |
| fast | rápido (adv.); rápido, -a (adj.) |
| slow | despacio (adv.); lento, -a (adj.) |
| on time | a tiempo |
| right; wrong | correcto, -a; incorrecto, -a |
| almost | casi |
| too (= excessively) | demasiado |
| too much | demasiado, -a |
| too little | demasiado poco, demasiado poca |
| a little | un poco |
| early | temprano |
| late; behind | tarde; atrás |
| short | corto, -a |
| long | largo, -a |
| together | juntos, -as |
| tutti, everybody | todos (pronounced TOH-thohss, with a very soft d, like the "th" in "this"; otherwise it sounds to Spaniards like "toros"!) |
| strings alone | sólo cuerda |
| very good | muy bien |
| okay, all right | vale |
| 3/4, 6/8, etc. | tres por cuatro, seis por ocho, etc. |
| legato, slurred | ligado |
| vibrato, pizzicato, staccato, and other musical terms which do not have a Spanish translation | Generally spelled the same, with the pronunciation slightly hispanicized: vibrato (pronounced bibrato), pizzicato (pisicato or pichicato), staccato (estacato), etc. The same applies to foreign composers' names: Wagner (Bágner), Mozart (Mósar), etc. As a rule, the more educated the speaker, the closer he/she adheres to the original foreign pronunciation. |
When used as NOUNS, all cardinal numbers are masculine: el uno, el veinte, el ciento treinta.
When used as ADJECTIVES, they are invariable for gender and number, except for 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and all numbers ending in -uno. (See note* below.)
Numbers of one million and above are always masculine nouns: un millón; doscientos millones. When used as adjectives, the word de is placed between them and the following noun: un millón de pesetas; cien millones de personas. However, if the number is not an exact multiple of a million, the de is not used and the numbers lower than a million are declined as usual: un millón trescientas mil pesetas.
In Spanish, the decimal point (a.k.a. dot, period or full-stop) and the comma are switched, compared with English usage. In Spanish, "10.325" is ten thousand three hundred twenty-five, and "17,4" is seventeen and four tenths.
*Uno is shortened to un (and veintiuno to veintiún) before masculine nouns: un compás, treinta y un compases; but una peseta, el compás treinta y uno.
**Cien (100) is lengthened to ciento (never
cienta) before SMALLER numbers (120 = ciento veinte)
but not before LARGER numbers (100.000 = cien mil; 100.000.000 = cien
millones. (This rule does not apply to 200, 300, etc., which always end in
-tos or -tas.)
| 0 | cero |
| 1 | uno*, una |
| 2 | dos |
| 3 | tres |
| 4 | cuatro |
| 5 | cinco |
| 6 | seis |
| 7 | siete |
| 8 | ocho |
| 9 | nueve |
| 10 | diez |
| 11 | once |
| 12 | doce |
| 13 | trece |
| 14 | catorce |
| 15 | quince |
| 16 | dieciséis |
| 17 | diecisiete |
| 18 | dieciocho |
| 19 | diecinueve |
| 20 | veinte |
| 21 | veintiuno*, -a |
| 22 | veintidós |
| 23 | veintitrés |
| ... | ... |
| 30 | treinta |
| 31 | treinta y uno*, -a |
| 32 | treinta y dos |
| ... | ... |
| 40 | cuarenta |
| 41 | cuarenta y uno*, -a |
| ... | ... |
| 50 | cincuenta |
| 51 | cincuenta y uno*, -a |
| ... | ... |
| 60 | sesenta |
| ... | ... |
| 70 | setenta |
| ... | ... |
| 80 | ochenta |
| ... | ... |
| 90 | noventa |
| ... | ... |
| 100 | cien** (ciento when followed by a number from 1-99) |
| 101 | ciento** uno*, ciento** una |
| 102 | ciento** dos |
| ... | ... |
| 199 | ciento** noventa y nueve |
| 200 | doscientos**, doscientas** |
| 201 | doscientos** uno*, doscientas** una |
| ... | ... |
| 300 | trescientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 400 | cuatrocientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 500 | quinientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 600 | seiscientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 700 | setecientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 800 | ochocientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 900 | novecientos**, -tas** |
| ... | ... |
| 1.000 | mil |
| 1.001 | mil uno*, mil una |
| ... | ... |
| 2.000 | dos mil |
| ... | ... |
| 100.000 | cien** mil (not ciento mil) |
| ... | ... |
| 200.000 | doscientos** mil, doscientas** mil |
| ... | ... |
| 1.000.000 | un millón |
| ... | ... |
| 2.000.000 | dos millones |
| ... | ... |
| 1.000.000.000 | mil millones |
| ... | ... |
| 1.000.000.000.000 | un billón |
| ... | ... |
Ordinal numbers are all declinable adjectives: los primeros compases, escena cuarta.
Above "10th", indeclinable cardinal numbers are generally used: compás veintiocho.
***Primero and tercero are shortened to primer (1.er) and tercer (3.er) before masculine nouns: primer movimiento, tercer compás; but movimiento primero, compás tercero, primera escena.
| 1st | primero (1.º)***, primera (1.ª), primeros (1.os), primeras (1.as) |
| 2nd | segundo (2.º), segunda, segundos, segundas |
| 3rd | tercero (3.º)***, tercera, terceros, terceras |
| 4th | cuarto (4.º), cuarta, cuartos, cuartas |
| 5th | quinto (5.º), quinta, quintos, quintas |
| 6th | 6th sexto (6.º), sexta, sextos, sextas |
| 7th | 7th séptimo (7.º), séptima, séptimos, séptimas |
| 8th | 8th octavo (8.º), octava, octavos, octavas |
| 9th | noveno (9.º), novena, novenos, novenas |
| 10th | décimo (10.º), décima, décimos, décimas |
All letter names when used as nouns are feminine: la a, la equis, una doble f.
| Letter | Pronunciation in Spanish |
English transcription of Spanish pronunciation |
| A | a | AH |
| B | be | BEH |
| C | ce |
THEH (with an unvoiced th); |
| CH | che | CHEH |
| D | de |
DEH or THEH (with a voiced th) |
| E | e | EH |
| F | efe | EFF-eh |
| G | ge | HEH or KHEH |
| H | ache | AH-cheh |
| I | i | EE |
| J | jota | HO-tah or KHO-tah |
| K | ka | KAH |
| L | ele | EL-eh |
| LL | elle | EL-yeh; or
— especially in Latin America — EH-yeh |
| M | eme | EM-eh |
| N | ene | EN-eh |
| Ñ | eñe | EN-yeh |
| O | o | OH |
| P | pe | PEH |
| Q | cu | KOO |
| R | erre | ERR-reh (roll the R) (Technically, R and RR are two separate letters in Spanish, but most Spaniards don't bother with the difference.) |
| S | ese | ESS-eh |
| T | te | TEH |
| U | u | OO |
| V | uve | OO-beh (the V is always pronounced like a B) |
| W | uve doble | OO-beh DOH-bleh or OO-beh THOH-bleh (with a voiced th) |
| X | equis | EH-kees |
| Y | i griega | ee gree-EH-gah |
| Z | zeta | THEH-tah (with an unvoiced th); or — especially in Latin America — SEH-tah |